It’s not scientifically verified, but I’ve seen many claims of such dreams. I believe it’s possible myself. I imagine it’s some combination of the brain operating faster and the mind pulling tricks to make it seem like more time has passed than it really has. Or maybe the brain doesn’t operate faster, but you achieve a mental state of time dilation in which you actually perceive time to be slower.
I’ve seen mention of a man named Robert Monroe having experienced an OBE that seemed to last 100 years. I haven’t read his firsthand account, so I don’t know any more details. In addition, in EWLD someone wrote about a lucid dream he had that took place over 5 years (dream years, of course). He said he would actually fall asleep within the dream and “wake up” still in it, once again lucid.
This website also cites relevant experiments done through hypnosis: braincourse.com/timea.html
Again, this isn’t a scientifically documented phenomenon, so all we have to go on is anecdotal evidence and alleged experiments. It’s certainly fun to think about, though! 
This topic has been discussed here a few times before. The search function doesn’t seem to be working properly, so I can’t find some of the topics, but here is one of them: https://community.ld4all.com/t/slowing-down-time-in-lucidity/8992